SRFL News: January 2024

Wednesday, 31 January 2024

Article Archive 39 The Time of Language Ode to The Early Bourbaki To Grothendieck

The Time of Language
Ode to The Early Bourbaki To Grothendieck

The Time of Language
Ode to The Early Bourbaki To Grothendieck

TANAKA Akio

In early 1970s, I had think of language from the side of mathematics, that level of mine is very low and primitive, moreover I never had any talent to mathematics.
But my eager to trying the approach was going to overcome hard barriers before me. So the route had really fascinated my mind for long time.

At that time I had read Chinese classics almost every day. WANG Guowei*, DUAN Yucai and WANG Yingzhi. They were giants on Chinese language historically and modernly.
On the other hand I had thought of language generally, not defined by Chinese.
But in front of the vast world of language, I had stood still lonely, not taking any method for approaching.
Mathematics was the only gleam of hope in the wasteland.

I never took the route of ordinary linguistics.
I really dreamt a dream that time.
There exists set theory before me.
Probably there was the influence of Bourbaki**, that several translations to Japanese, shared from Tokyo Tosho Publisher, were on the desk of mine.
My talent and endeavour were so low, so I had not any results at that time.
My desire was deep but my hand was so shallow.
The time passed by.

In 1979 the meeting again with CHINO Eiichi*** made me the chance to learn on language, the object was clear and direct.
Language universals by mathematics became the never-ending goal of the study hereafter.
Sergej Karcevskij**** gave me the courage to the research.
All the way to investigation were taught from CHINO, who was the genuine teacher on language.
In mathematics I took the route from geometry, especially by projection.
Now I stand at algebraic geometry.
Grothendieck is in the northernmost at the end of Bourbaki.

SAITO Takeshi said at the essay on Grothendieck***** that the object of mathematics for Bourbaki was the set of being attached by construction and the object of mathematics for Grothendieck was the object of category representing the presentable functor.
The time has come for describing****** on language by mathematics despite my poor ability.
Sincere thanks for the pioneers letting us make the fascinating route of modern mathematics.

1. *WANG Guowei
Encounter in life / A Letter /2005
Influenced paper / On Time Property Inherent in Characters / 2003 , Quantum Theory for Language / 2004
2. **Bourbaki
SAITO Takeshi. Bourbaki, Mathematics Seminar, vol.41 no.4 487. Nihonhyoronsha, Tokyo, 2002.
3.***CHINO Eiicji
First met in 1969, again in 1979. Fortuitous Meeting
4. ****Sergej Karcevskij
Note on Karcevskij's theme. Note for KARCEVSKIJ Sergej's "Dudualisme asymetrique du signe linguistique"
5. *****Grothendieck
SAITO Takeshi. Grothendieck, Mathematics Seminar, vol.49 no.5 584. Nihonhyoronsha, Tokyo, 2010.
6. ******describing
Note on Grothendieck's theorem. Vector Bundle Model

Tokyo
January 10, 2012
Sekinan Research Field of Language

[Note, 28 October 2014]
When I first learnt French in 1964, I was the second grade of high school. My aim to learning was to get the lowest readable situation for modern poems of French Symbolism represented by Arthur Rimbaud and Paul Verlaine. Afterwards in 1969 I knew the importance of Martinet's work at the linguistic class of university. Probably in the early 1970s, I bought Bourbaki's books at the old-book-shop at Kanda, Tokyo, when Bourbaki's fame reached to the poor-talented linguistic student like me. I was enchanted Bourbaki's works and I somehow would like to adopt their results to my linguistic study. But my mathematical level was too low to get near Bourbaki's world. From those days my wandering around mathematics and linguistics kept long long way like the Beatles song,The long and winding road. What I again met mathematics, especially algebraic algebra was already over the twentieth century. From 2003 I began to write papers being assisted with CHINO Eiichi's advice and Sergej Karcevskij's work. At that times Chinese Qing dynasty's vast linguistic works topically represented by WANG Guowei was also assisting my study. At the result my first satisfied paper, "On Time Property Inherent in Characters"1 was completed. The theme in my life, model making of language universals was begun further later in 2008 at Zoho site 2 sekinanlogos 3. At Complex Manifold Deformation Theory 4 I started writing more clearer descriptive papers by mathematics especially according to algebraic geometry. And now I step up one more and entered in arithmetic geometry 5 for solving more difficult themes such as dimension, synthesis and fusion of meaning in word.
Refer to the next.

Article Archive 41 To Winter RI Ko. 14 John Peabody Harrington, Roman Jakobson, FUKAYA Kenji, Maxim Kontsevich, ZHANG BInglin and Roger Penrose 14 Description of Language. 2015. Translated by Google translate 2020

To Winter RI Ko. 14 John Peabody Harrington, Roman Jakobson, FUKAYA Kenji, Maxim Kontsevich, ZHANG BInglin and Roger Penrose 14 Description of Language. 2015. Translated by Google translate 2020

05/05/2020 18:29

To Winter RI Ko 2015
14 John Peabody Harrington, Roman Jakobson, FUKAYA Kenji, Maxim Kontsevich, ZHANG BInglin and Roger Penrose

From author:This text’s translation by Google translate is a little hard to be accurate at the present, especially on mathematical explanation by usual writing.

You can see the whole city from the library on the hill. The east side of the third floor is a computer room. The internet was always connected there, and I could use any table freely. I often spend my holidays near the window. A group of tall blue-green buildings rises to the northeast of the left side of the window. Seen from here on the hill, it is much higher. Only there is towering above the sky. Immediately south, there should be A’s home. Did the bulbul hit a tall building like that? The glass walls were distant and dull, reflecting the light of the autumn afternoon.

When I was cleaning the room where the birds were gone for the first time in a while, I found some furrowed flock in the corner. The soft wings floated in the air for a while when released. Have you lived in the city because of your childhood? I wished that I was now resting slowly in the grove of the hills. A created Web pages and Dreamweaver, but since the amount has gradually increased, I switched to Expression Web from the middle. I used Office for documents at first, but soon I switched to Zoho.

In this way, I was able to quickly write small mathematical expressions using LaTex. When Backup was run automatically using SugarSync, all traces of A were on Cloud. The document was written in English. Regular sentences other than mathematical expressions are relatively easy to write with a limited vocabulary. This could lead to someone seeing somewhere. I had little hope, but there was little response.

Of course, I thought it would be nice if there could be one or two people in this wide world who could sympathize with me, but that didn’t bother me that much. I just keep writing. There is no guarantee that there will be someone like John Pepody Harrington, who continued to record the American Indian languages. 1920 The photographs in the Smithsonian Institution’s collection, which are doing field research around the year, look somewhat like the pioneers of the West. It’s okay to wait quietly for the future of Harrington in the corner of the city.

It was a fun task to think of a language containing time as a possibility using a model. However, in reality, it is rarely something that can be created, such as an original one. I couldn’t exceed the conventional idea. He arranged the work procedure little by little. First create a simple model. Select the shape suitable for the model. How much is the figure written?

According to Kenji Fukaya, the geometry was “a group of groups and the space in which it acts”. It was Fukaya’s charm that he was able to briefly confirm and look at the fundamental things. By referring to Jacobson’s “semantic minimum”, a new geometric “minimum of meaning” is set, and the time t is included as a meaning by moving the time t in the closed interval. Defined the geometric word.

I repeated this direction many times with different levels of geometry. The universality of language was thought to be closely related to the invariant of mathematics. In Fukaya’s book, I learned that the quantum cohomology ring can be obtained from the Gromov-Witten invariant and the Gromov-Witten potential can be obtained. Language approached mathematics and physics. It has become possible to logically check the symmetry that has long been a concern. Under certain assumptions, the character of various languages can be inspected as a model from, for example, one figure or manifold. One of the centers was homological mirror symmetry, which was proposed by Kontsevich.

When I got tired of working in the library, I went out to the rooftop. The city, which spreads under the dark maroon autumn sky, conveyed the grandeur of human activities. The sounds of distant cities echo like a chord. Are people flying in this city as birds are flying in the sky? Just as birds sometimes crash into the ground by colliding with the turquoise glass of tall buildings, will people crash into the ground and crash somewhere?

I once read a story about birds in the book Shorin no Fubun. “According to the poem of the 3rd year of the Emperor Hansho, a bird of five colors, it passes over the prefectures in which it belongs.” It seems that 10,000 birds of five colors flew in the sky. As for the beginning, I continue to cite Chinese books. According to the poem’s third year of honor, he gathered New Year’s lords, Otori, Emperor and Kanro to the Kyoto teacher, and according to the flock of birds, the findings of the Han book were true.

The contents of this Chinese book, in which 10,000 birds gathered in search of it, are true. It is unknown whether Shorin believed in these statements. However, according to Shorin’s habit, he might have believed it as a natural thing.

Autumn flowers were dancing in the strolling garden on the roof of the library. White autumn Ming chrysanthemum, yellow Maru chrysanthemum, Nozoku chrysanthemum Soothing Hottogigisu and the white and white Arissum flowers crawling on the ground. Sky blue salvia, red cherry sage, purple rosemary and light blue basil. Dark blue Saintpaulia, white sapphinia, crimson geranium bowls and hanging. Huquera, Drachina consenna, Sansevieria houseplant. Spatti is also rich in green, and the red sea urchin is already red. Various sasanqua that began to inflate the buds, the last cosmos flowers that sway in the wind Winter clematis that has been quite tall, large leaves on the grape rack with few remaining, and a large red or white large ball swaying occasionally in the strong wind .

If you look closely, you can also see the pink bokeh flowers that change the season. Shala beautifully turns red, and dogwood turns the leaves brown. On the other hand, rhododendrons had already inflated the buds considerably. Autumn was getting deeper.

You can hear the sound of the city line riding on the wind. How is K doing? Well, let’s make a dedication to the document. For familiar days with K. I continued to write documents when I got home. The linguistic space including time gradually expanded from a straight line to a plane and from there to a sphere. Attracted by the work of Roger Penrose, I made a projective model.

As I was thinking about it at midnight, I thought it would be beautiful if the language danced in the sky like an aurora. A complex plane is created by mapping all complex numbers to planes, as if all real numbers were mapped to straight lines. A complex number defined by two real numbers is placed on the plane as a language unit, and it is called a language point. Establish a vertical third coordinate axis from the origin of the plane and make a sphere with a unit radius centered on the origin. The spheres intersect at a radius of 1 on the new coordinate axes. If that point and a linguistic point on the complex plane are connected by a straight line, when the linguistic point has a distance of 1 or more, it intersects with the sphere at one point. When the distance is less than 1, the linguistic point is inside the sphere and does not intersect the sphere.

This shows the limits of the language. Ordinary language points are projected on the spherical sky when the distance exceeds 1. The projection is called aurora. Language points at infinity converge on a sphere on the Z axis. You can capture an infinite number of languages in a finite way. A straight line connecting two points on the complex plane draws an arc in the spherical sky. The two straight lines form two arcs in the sky, and connecting four points creates a distorted quadrilateral in the sky.

If we model the points in the sky as words, arcs as sentences, and quadrilaterals as sentences, the language will emerge there. The language becomes Aurora and dances in the sky. Language is aurora dancing above us.

Article Archive 36 From TO WINTER 2015 15 Silk Road and 16 Story.2021. Revised 2022. Translated by Google

15 Silk Road and 16 Story 2021
Revised 2022

15.
2003
Silk Road

In the fall of 2002, I had pneumonia and was admitted to Ome Municipal General Hospital for about two weeks. Fortunately, the progress after admission was smooth, and after one week, my breathing and physical condition returned to normal, but my doctor was cautious about whether I was exhausted, and it took another week before I was discharged. Looking out the window at the mountains of Okutama, I was keenly aware that I hadn't written anything about the subject of the language I finally found. When I was discharged from the hospital, I was repeatedly checking the words and phrases of the dissertation to be written, thinking that I should give priority to that first and foremost.

The essence of the discussion was gradually coming together. There was something unwavering about the pursuit of what the essence of language was the subject of my dissertation, but considering the depth and vastness of the language itself, I have accumulated myself so far. Based on this, I focused on Chinese characters, and while using Kiyoyo's elaborate linguistics, elementary school, I was aiming for a universal linguistic theory, and from there I was thinking of a direction to approach the language itself.

As a result, by the time of discharge, I found that some of the typical forms and meanings of the oracle bone script contained time in those letters, referring to Wang Guowei's papers, etc. Based on this, I considered the direction of the syntactic theory, in which a sentence is formed by concatenating words that include time, as the second article. However, my traditional dream was to set them in a physically verifiable direction rather than in a philosophical direction. My longing for theoretical physics, which has existed within me since high school, was still at the core of my thinking. And now I was learning the basics of the epic algebraic geometry systematized by the French Bourbaki group Nicolas Bourbaki by the 1960s.

When I was a research student, Sergej Karcevskij's "Asymmetric Duisme asymmetrique du linguistique 1929" by Sergej Karcevskij of the Prague Linguistic Circle of Prague continued to come and go in me. For example, I had just set up a base camp far below this high peak.

Regarding "asymmetric duality of language symbols", I have written a short sentence before, so I will reprint it below.

"Symmetry. It's what I once talked to C in linguistics. Prague in the 1920s. Karzewski's paper in the magazine TCLP," Asymmetric Duplexity of Linguistic Signs. " The coexistence of absolutely contradictory flexible and rigid structures where the language continues to hold, thereby the language remains the language. An eternal contradiction that will continue to be doubly inherent in language. Karzevski presented the duality of why the language can be so flexible and so robust, and that it is almost absolutely inconsistent. A discussion of the white eyebrows left by linguist Sergei Karzevskiy, whom C described as the only genius in his last book. A consistent understanding of this duality as to why this coexistence is possible has probably not yet been submitted. Karzevskiy

's dissertation was a breakthrough that briefly bisected its macroscopic structure of the meaning that was difficult and barely touched in linguistics.

In 2003, I began to put together the above two directions almost in parallel, but spring came without being able to construct the logic of the language that connects the two of vocabulary and syntax. Two children went out for spring skiing in Yuzawa, Niigata prefecture, which has been continued in recent years, because the school was on spring break, and the children and my wife enjoyed skiing according to their respective strengths, but I went to the hotel alone. For the rest, I focused on following the invisible logic for building the word-to-syntactic connection that was absolutely necessary for my dissertation .

As a result, I didn't bring any reference materials, so the day after I arrived in Yuzawa, I wrote with almost no writing, and summarized the principle logic that connects vocabulary and syntax. Was done. This sentence was scribbled and incomplete, so I didn't upload it on the Web even after I finished writing the two articles, but in 2015, when I reread it in detail, I found that this sentence Since I recognized most of the sprout of the subject that I continued to write about my language, I decided to add a short preface and upload it under the title of Manuscript of Quantum Theory for Language . ..

Around April, a while after I returned to Tokyo, I opened the Site of the National Institute of Informatics, which I used to see from time to time, and announced that an international symposium on Silk Road would be held in Nara, co-sponsored by the Institute and the Ministry of Education. The call for papers to be published there was posted. Since I had written two dissertations based on the draft I wrote in Yuzawa, I decided to submit the dissertation on syntax as an application paper, and since it was an international symposium, the dissertation should be written in English in principle. Since it was said that it was supposed to be translated into English, I corrected a part to make it more logical and clear, and I was able to apply safely by the submission deadline in May. The paper, entitled Quantum Theory for Language , regarded language as a physical quantum and the combination formed a sentence.

Although I felt common sense anxiety about treating language as a quantum, I was sensuously convinced of the future prospects in that direction, so I hardly hesitated. Fortunately, this paper was adopted as one of the four oral papers in the linguistics and literature section of the symposium, and I was on December 23 and 24, 2003, at the far right of Nara Todaiji Temple. It will be announced on the 23rd at the symposium held at the public hall. The presenters in this department were a professor at Hokkaido University, a member of the Toyo Bunko, a researcher at a company, and myself.

After the oral presentation on the afternoon of the 23rd, I was really relieved. On the afternoon of the 24th of the second day, when I went to the hall, which was the main venue, researchers from various countries gathered and various languages were spoken. Perhaps because of the subject of the symposium, there seemed to be a large number of people attending from Central Asia. Starting with an invited lecture, there were lectures by department, oral presentations, panel presentations, posting of related information, etc. were held throughout the public hall, and it was reported that the total number of participants was close to 400. To me, the venue itself seemed like the end of the modern Silk Road.

Quantum, which is the center of my discussion, is a concept of physics, but it was also very attractive from the viewpoint of mathematics, so it was taken into group theory in mathematics and defined as a quantum group in the 1980s. Proposed by VG Grinfeld.
Hopf algebra and the quantum Yang-Baxter equation. 1985 is the first paper. In the same year, Michio Jimbo of Japan also published a paper A q -difference analogue of U (g) and the Yang-Baxter equation. 1985, which bridged physics and mathematics.

It was later in the late 2000s that it became clear to me that it became possible to use quanta strictly in mathematics. My sensory direction to the quantum can thus be used as being completely determined by a strict mathematical definition.

I have further geometrically transformed this quantum, and with the help of the achievements of Perelman and others who introduced the calories of physics into mathematics, I have expanded the language from natural language to signals and further to the energy elements that are the basis of them. Quantum-Nerve Theory, which advances to representation and its application and tries to quantumly transform human nerves to lead to applied science, has almost finished its preparatory consideration from 2018 to 2019, and now We have reached the direction of advancing its mathematical structure algebraically. At the same time, I would like to continue learning important directions such as David Marr's work Vision, which passed away at the age of 35 in 1980, which created the skeleton of neural theory, and "visual computational theory and brain expression" as a subtitle.

Let's go back to 2004.
In January 2004, the Institute of Informatics sent me a completed manuscript because I would like to publish an oral presentation paper as a booklet, and I received an email saying that the oral presentation manuscript was further corrected and sent. In May, a thick booklet containing papers was delivered to the people concerned. To distinguish it from the conventional manuscript, the title on the booklet is Quantum Theory for Language Synopsis .

In the year I entered university in 1967, I was thinking of one of my goals as a major direction from Asian to European languages. Half a century later, my first booklet containing a dissertation summarizing my subject was presented from Japan to Central Asia and then to Western Europe. It may have been one of the accumulations of wisdom delivered on the modern Silk Road. Even if my dissertation itself was really small in it.　

Tokyo
7 February 2022 Revised
Sekinan Library

16 .
2015
Story

In the winter of 2012, when I felt that the Paper dissertation on the universality of the Language Universals language, which I had been writing since 2003, had settled down in my own way, at the age of 65, I derived the language from axioms and theorems. However, in some respects, the desire to take a step away from the ruthless world of mathematics and to warmly portray the human beings living there has become stronger, and one youth that includes an autobiographical element. I wanted to portray the possibilities as two people who are both lonely but never isolated.

Her A, the main character, her I, who reunited with her, and the bulbul that hurt her wings were all, in a sense, the alter ego of the author. As an amateur, I can't tell if it's complete as a story, but as I write this story, I'd like to express what I should call salvation while wandering in the days of youth. became.

In their lifetime, they have met many people, received unpredictable support, and faced unexpected farewells, and would have continued their journey to discover their own subject of life. I was one of them.

One will never be able to continue when he is strong. So, there, you might come across something that could be called salvation somewhere without realizing it. It wasn't because it was weak, or because it was weak, and it wasn't asking for it, but in life itself, perhaps inevitably, salvation would have existed as something that would come unknowingly. I was naturally like that one day.

The story begins with the days of autumn when the wind is cold, and ends with a day full of light that makes you feel the loneliness of winter.
I wonder if everyone is the two of the day.

"Winter is coming to them like grace now."

I conclude this story so.

ENSILA Energy Hills West Tokyo　From 2023

ENSILA Energy

Hills West Tokyo Declaration, Paper and Essay and Tag Invitation, Essay 2021-2023 and Letter 2023 ensilaenergy.website2.me

Tuesday, 30 January 2024

Letter to Y. Of Broad Language 16 August 2023 Edition

From Author;

This letter was written in 2018.
At that time I already wrote several papers on language that had been thought in 1970s-1980s.
I learnt main themes on language from CHINO Eiichi who edited the Linguistics Dictionary published from Sanseido,Tokyo. He was born in 1935.
Another linguist HASHIMOTO Mantaro was also born in same year.
He wrote Modern Linguistics Front Lines of Current Linguistic Studies, 1981, from Taishukan Publishing Company, Tokyo.
After long time I read this book, thinking bach the days of 1980s when I only got lost in the vast linguistic field. Now I read the book calmly and think of his approach of new typology.
He died early in 1987, age 54.
CHINO died in 2002, age 70.
The time really passed by quickly, than very fast, when I thought in my youth days.

Letter to Y. Of Broad Language
16 August 2023 Edition

Monday, 29 January 2024

Chronicle Sekinan Table 2017-2019 1-986

Sekinan Table
January 2017-March 2019

Wednesday, 31 January 2024

Article Archive 39 The Time of Language Ode to The Early Bourbaki To Grothendieck

The Time of LanguageOde to The Early Bourbaki To Grothendieck

Article Archive 41 To Winter RI Ko. 14 John Peabody Harrington, Roman Jakobson, FUKAYA Kenji, Maxim Kontsevich, ZHANG BInglin and Roger Penrose 14 Description of Language. 2015. Translated by Google translate 2020

To Winter RI Ko. 14 John Peabody Harrington, Roman Jakobson, FUKAYA Kenji, Maxim Kontsevich, ZHANG BInglin and Roger Penrose 14 Description of Language. 2015. Translated by Google translate 2020

Article Archive 36 From TO WINTER 2015 15 Silk Road and 16 Story.2021. Revised 2022. Translated by Google

15 Silk Road and 16 Story 2021Revised 2022

15.2003Silk Road

16 .2015 Story

ENSILA Energy Hills West Tokyo From 2023

Tuesday, 30 January 2024

Letter to Y. Of Broad Language 16 August 2023 Edition

Letter to Y. Of Broad Language 16 August 2023 Edition

Monday, 29 January 2024

Chronicle Sekinan Table 2017-2019 1-986

Chronicle Sekinan Table 2017-2019 1-986

Chronicle Sekinan Table 2017-2019 1-986

The Time of Language
Ode to The Early Bourbaki To Grothendieck

15 Silk Road and 16 Story 2021
Revised 2022

15.
2003
Silk Road

16 .
2015
Story

ENSILA Energy Hills West Tokyo　From 2023